Coping With Cancer: Getting the Nutrition You Need
How cancer can impact nutrition
Cancer can affect your life in many ways, including how your body uses food. Even before treatment begins, cancer can affect the body’s need for protein, carbohydrates, fat, vitamins, and minerals. Cancer treatments can benefit many people. But they also can have a number of side effects that can lead to poor nutrition, weight loss, or even malnutrition because:
- Treatments such as surgery, radiation, immunotherapy, or chemotherapy can affect how the body digests and absorbs food. So even though you may appear to be eating enough, your body may not be able to absorb all of the nutrients.
- Intensive chemotherapy can often lead to lack of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, sores and infections in the mouth, and changes in how food tastes. These side effects can make it difficult to eat and get proper nutrition.
Maintaining your weight and energy level are important—especially when you’re fighting cancer. Eating the right kinds of foods before, during, and after treatment may help you feel better and stay stronger. In addition, your health care professional may recommend nutrition therapy.
What is nutrition therapy?
Nutrition therapy helps find and treat nutrition problems early—and may improve your chance of recovery. Possible goals of nutrition therapy include preventing or correcting malnutrition, helping you tolerate treatment, and maintaining strength and energy. Based on your needs, your health care professional or dietitian may give you nutrition-specific advice. You may be monitored and have follow-ups as needed to see if the therapy is helping.
Working with your cancer care team
If you have any nutrition-related concerns, be sure to talk with your cancer care team as well as a dietitian. If you do not know a dietitian, a cancer specialist may be able to refer you to one. For more information, visit the Web site of the American Dietetic Association at eatright.org.
Tips for Food Safety
Because cancer treatments can weaken the immune system, food safety is key. To help prevent infection and lower the risk of food-borne illness:
- Wash your hands thoroughly before preparing food and before eating.
- Use special care in handling raw meat. Keep raw meats and ready-to-eat foods separate.
- Wash fruits and vegetables very well.
- Fully cook meat, poultry, and seafood.
- Beverages such as milk and juice should be pasteurized.
- Store foods promptly at low temperatures (below 40°F) to minimize bacterial growth.
- Avoid foods that may be contaminated such as salads from salad bars, sushi, raw or undercooked meat, fish, shellfish, poultry, and eggs.
- Contact the local public health department to have water checked if there is any question or concern about bacteria.